Hydraulic vise



June 1 1926.

J. R. WILSON HYDRAULIC VISE Filed Nov. 1 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 If... lllllllllllnlnn.

4 5 7 0O 1 NE Om SV lo I m Rm .v H 6 2 9 1 1 e n H J Filed Nov. 15 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 wur Patented June 1, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,587,454 PATENT OFFICE.

JQHN a. wxnsoiv; or KELSO, WASHINGTON.

HYDRAULIC VISE.

Application filed November 15, 1923. Serial No. 674,955.

This invention relates to a vise, one of its objects being to provide a shiftable jaw adapted to be actuated and 'held by fluid under pressure, a novel form of hand operated pump being utilized for shifting the movable jaw. I

A further object is to provide means whereby fluid under pressure is allowed to escape when the pressure becomes excessive, the fluid used being returnable for subsequent use within the vise.

A further object is to provide a vise of this type which is simple, compact in construction, and can be applied readily to a work bench or other suitable support.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in thecombination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention has been shown.

In said drawings Figure 1 is a front elevation of the vise. Fig. 2 is a View partly in front elevation and partly in section showing the pump,

reservoir, and jaw operating piston.

Fig. 3 is an end view of the vise.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4-4, Fig. 2. J

Referring to the figures by characters of reference 1 designates the base of the vise having an integral fixed jaw 2 from which is extended an arm 3, this arm and the back face of the jaw portion being adapted to be bolted or otherwise fastened to a work bench or other supporting structure not shown.

The base 1 has an'enlarged end portion 4 one side of which is recessed or cut away as at 5 to provide a shoulder or abutment 6 extending inwardly at an angle to the side of the base. This recess is adapted to receive a block 7 held to the base 4 by bolts 8. The bottoms of the base 4 and block 7 are provided with integral flanges 9' and to these flanges is bolted the upper end of a-reservoir 10.

A sheet 11 of packing material is interposed between the block 7 and the base 4 and formed within the meeting faces of the base and block are matching semi-cylindriby the recesses 12 cal recesses 12 cooperating to constitute cylinder bores. Dependin from each of the bores is a cylinder 13 hanging within the reservoir 10. Each cylinder has aninlet 14 at its lower end normally closed by a check valve 15 whereby, during operation, the cylinders are primed. The bores in the cylinders 13 are in line with the bores formed so that pistons 16 are free to reciprocate in be seen by referring to Fig. 2. Each piston 16 has openings 17 extending therethrough normally closed by a disk 18.1oosely mounted on the stem 19 of the piston,

Journalecl within the meeting faces of the base 4 and the block 7 is a shaft 20 having cranks 21 oppositely extended and working within the recesses 12. Pitmen 22 connect the cranks to the respective piston stems so that when the shaft. is rotated the pistons 16 will be reciprocated, in o posite directions respectively. Any sui able means may be provided for rotating shaft 20. In the drawings, a counter balanced crank 23 has been shown for this purpose.

A recess 24 is provided in the top aces of the base 4 and block 7 and the upper ends of the recesses 12 open'into this recess 24. Check valves 25 are arranged within recess 24 normally to close the upper end of the bores.

Secured upon the base 4 and block 7 is a block 26 having a longitudinal bore 27 provided with an inlet port'28 communicating withthe recess 24. A piston 29 is mounted for reciprocation in the bore 27 and has a normally closedspring controlled release valve 30 therein. rod 31 is extended from the piston 29 and is slidab-le within one end of the block 26, this rod being secured to an car 32 extending downwardly froma slidab'le jaw 33. The slidable jaw has its body portion v34 bearing downwardly on the block 26 and preferably formed with a dove-tail groove 35 for the reception of a dove tail 36 formed on the block 26. This block 34 can constitute a small anvil and is preferably. provided with a horn 37 extending therefrom.

A return passage 38 is formed between the base 4 and the block 7 and'opens at one end into the upper end of the reservoir. 10 and at its other end in one end portion of the bore 27. The other end portion of'this bore is closed by a removable head 39 in which is mounted one end of a pipe 40. This pipe the cylinder bores as will opens downwardly into the reservoir 10 and is provided. with a valve 41 constituting a release valve. A filling spout 42 opens into the reservoir and has a screw cap 43 or the like for normally closing it.

It is to be understood .that the reservoir 10 is normally filled with liquid and the cylinders 13 are normally primed. When it is desired to move the jaw 33 of the vise toward the jaw 2 .the crank 23 is rotated so as to operate the pistons 16. These pistons will act to lift liquid from the cylinders 13 and force it through recesses 12 past the check valve 25 into recess -2& and thence through port 28 into the bore 27. Thus the piston 29 will be shifted longitudinally ofthe borc'and any liquid or air in the path of the piston will be free to escape by way of the passage 38 into the topof the reservoir 10. Should the pressure back of the piston 29 be excessive liquid will be permitted to escape past the valve 30 which will open under excessive pressure. This liquid will flow back to the reservoir through the passage 325: When it is desired to release the movable jaw it is only necessary to open valve 41 so that the liquid back of the piston 29 will be :free to flow back to the reservoir 10 through pipe 40.

As shown in the drawings the reservoir 10 can be provided with a drain cook 44. It will be noted that av coiled spring can, be arranged to bear against piston 29 so as to open the jaw 33 when the piston is relieved of pressure.

What is claimed is In a hydraulic vise the combination with a base havin a fixed jaw, of a cylinder mounted on the base, a reservoir suspended below the base, means for returning liquid from the end portions of the cylinder to the reservoir, amovable jaw slidable on the cylinder, said jaw, cylinder, base and reservoir being normally superposed, a piston.

in the cylinder, a rod extending therefrom, an extension on the jaw pro ecting into the path of and adapted to be actuated by the rod, yielding means for holding the piston normally in one position, a spring controlled relief valve in the pisto'nya pump for elevating liquid from the reservoir and directing it between the piston and one end of the cylinder, thereby to slide the movable jaw relative to the fixed jaw, and

a valve within one of the liquid returning means for controlling the release of pressure when exerted against the piston.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afiixed my sig-.

nature.

JOHN R. WILSON. 

